A Beginner’s Guide to Choosing Mutual Fund 

Investing can seem daunting especially for newcomers, because they saw so many options, so it is little bit difficult to figure out a better one. The reason behind the confusion is they don’t know how to choose mutual funds. We know mutual funds are an accessible and diversified way to enter the investment world but make sure that you take a good decision.  

This blog will break down the process and help you understand how to pick a mutual fund according to your financial goals.  

What is a Mutual Fund? 

Before diving into the process, you must understand a clear cut of mutual fund and the answer of how I choose a mutual fund. Just imagine that a large pool of money collected from many investors, after a professional fund manager will invest the money in various securities like bonds, securities and other assets. Sounds like professional investment management, right? 

When you invest in a mutual fund this will happen, which means you’re buying shares in this professionally managed portfolio. It can offer you instant diversification, even with a small investment and mainly it reduces the risk compared to investing in individual stocks.  

Why Mutual Funds for Beginners?

Most experienced investors are recommending mutual funds for beginners, there are some reasons behind it, that are; 

➜ Diversification: Instead of putting all money in one place, mutual funds will spread all your investments across many assets.  

➜ Professional Management: Your investment decisions are taken by experienced fund managers so you can save your time and research. 

➜ Affordability: You can start investing in mutual funds with a small amount, no need for huge amounts of money to get into the market. 

➜ Liquidity: You can easily buy or sell your mutual fund shares on any business day as per your choice.  

How Do I Pick a Mutual Fund?

Now that we’re clear on the basics of mutual funds, we can tackle the core question: how do I pick a mutual fund? Below you can see step by step process of it; 

Step 1: Define Your Financial Goals and Risk Tolerance 

It is a most crucial step in how you choose a mutual fund, because in this stage you must evaluate your strength.  

Financial Goals: Know what your goal is like are you saving for retirement, to buy a house, child’s education, marriage or something else? Your goal will dictate your investment horizon means, how long you plan to invest, so first you need an idea about those things.  

Risk Tolerance: How comfortable are you with the possibility of your investment losing value? There are three types of risk like, low risk (prioritize capital preservation and are uncomfortable with market fluctuations), moderate risk (willing to take some risk for potentially higher returns but want to avoid extreme volatility) and high risk (comfortable with significant market ups and downs).  

So, understanding your goal and risk tolerance is the major key to selecting a mutual fund for your investment.  

Step 2: Understand Different Types of Mutual Funds 

To truly understand how to select the best mutual fund, you should know the landscape, like the categories of it. 

Equity Funds: These funds are primarily invested in stocks and compared to others it comes with higher risk but offers higher long-term returns too. These types of mutual funds will be suitable for investors who have longer investment horizon and higher risk tolerance.   

Example: Large-cap, mid-cap, small-cap, sectoral, thematic, value, growth funds. 

Debt Funds: These funds are invested in fixed-income securities like government securities and bonds. Debt funds are generally lower risk and offer more stability but offer typically lower returns. These are suitable for investors who have short-to-medium goals with low-risk tolerance. 

Example: Liquid funds, ultra short-duration funds, corporate bond funds, Gilt funds.  

Hybrid Funds: These funds are a mix of both stocks and bonds, aim to balance growth and stability. Hybrid funds are a good middle ground for moderate risk-takers.  

ETFs: These passively track a specific market index and offer broad market exposure with lower fees. And one of the benefits of these funds is they don’t require active management.  

A beginner with the understanding about these categories is a crucial factor to choose mutual funds. 

Step 3: Research and Evaluate Funds 

After getting a general idea about the type of funds now you can check the suitable one. But in the research process keep in mind some factors like; 

Expense Ratio: It means the annual charge of the fund for the management and operational expenses. A lower expense ratio means more money is working for you, for index funds this is an important factor.  

Past Performance: Actually, past performance isn’t indicative of future results, but it can give you an idea of how the fund has performed in various market conditions. So, analyze consistent performance in different like 3, 5, and 10 years.  

Fund Manager’s Experience: Must have the track record of the fund manager or the management team is essential for actively managed funds. 

Investment Objective: Ensure that your selected fund’s investment objectives align with your goals and risk tolerance. So, before making a decision read the Scheme Information Document (SID) carefully. 

Entry/Exit Load: There are some funds charging a fee when you buy or sell units, so look for funds with no entry load and minimal or no exit load.  

Step 4: Compare and Select  

After collecting fund information, compare all the shortlisted funds with the above criteria. Websites of financial regulators and fund houses will offer detailed information and comparison tools to select the best fund.  

The selection of the right mutual funds involves careful consideration, but you should follow the right approach then you can achieve your financial aspirations.  

Step 5: Start Investing and Monitor Regularly 

Once you have made your selection now you can start investing; most mutual funds are offered in Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs), so there you invest a fixed amount regularly (monthly, daily, etc.). It is an excellent strategy for beginners who want to start their investment journey. But remember investing is not a one-time decision, regular monitoring is essential to know your fund’s performance.   

Conclusion 

Learning how to select a good mutual fund takes time and research but it’s like a skill to develop for your financial well-being. After defining your goals, understanding fund types, evaluating key metrics and start your investing confidently. Don’t be afraid to start small because for your support there a many financial advisors available so consult them and make good decisions.   

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DISCLAIMER: Investment in securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing. The securities quoted are exemplary and are not recommendatory. Full disclaimer: https://bit.ly/naviadisclaimer.